{"id":31461,"date":"2025-08-01T13:41:45","date_gmt":"2025-08-01T18:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/?page_id=31461"},"modified":"2025-08-05T14:00:48","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T19:00:48","slug":"eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/zh\/case-studies\/eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials\/","title":{"rendered":"\u773c\u52a8\u8ffd\u8e2a\u548c\u89c6\u89c9\u8bf1\u53d1\u7535\u4f4d"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid #ffffff;border-right:0px solid #ffffff;border-bottom:0px solid #ffffff;border-left:0px solid #ffffff;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#ffffff;padding-top:0px;padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-media{color:#006cff;border-radius:200px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:-40px;}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-media .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic img{border-radius:200px;}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid #ffffff;border-right:0px solid #ffffff;border-bottom:0px solid #ffffff;border-left:0px solid #ffffff;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid #ffffff;border-right:0px solid #ffffff;border-bottom:0px solid #ffffff;border-left:0px solid #ffffff;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box31461_cb45b8-7f\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-left kt-info-halign-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-container kt-info-icon-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-inner-container\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_bookOpen kt-info-svg-icon\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M2 3h6a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v14a3 3 0 0 0-3-3H2z\"\/><path d=\"M22 3h-6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v14a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">CASE STUDY: Visual Cortical Area Contributions to the Transient, Multifocal and Steady-State VEP<\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\"><\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-image31461_d8261e-cb .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}.kb-image31461_d8261e-cb img.kb-img, .kb-image31461_d8261e-cb .kb-img img{box-shadow:0px 0px 14px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image31461_d8261e-cb\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Eye Tracking and Visual-Evoked Potentials\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-31488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-18x6.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-300x100.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-768x256.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-1024x341.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-2048x683.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-scaled.jpg 2560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The study &#8220;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/imag\/article\/doi\/10.1162\/imag_a_00152\/120578\/Visual-cortical-area-contributions-to-the\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Visual cortical area contributions to the transient, multifocal and steady-state VEP: A forward model-informed analysis<\/a><\/strong>&#8221; by Mohr, Geuzebroek, and Kelly provides a comprehensive investigation into the anatomical sources of visual-evoked potentials (VEPs). While the primary focus of the research was on delineating the contributions of visual cortical areas (V1, V2, and V3) to different VEP signals, an underlying yet crucial aspect of the methodology was the consistent and careful application of eye-tracking technology. This case study highlights the indispensable role of eye tracking in ensuring the validity and reliability of the VEP data presented in the paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In electrophysiological studies involving visual stimuli, maintaining a stable gaze is paramount. Any involuntary eye movements, such as saccades or blinks, can introduce significant artifacts into the electroencephalogram (EEG) data, thereby confounding the neural responses being measured. The researchers in this study acknowledged this challenge and implemented rigorous eye-tracking protocols to mitigate these effects.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_5c8352-81\">Eye Tracking and Visual-Evoked Potentials Methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The participants were instructed to maintain a steady eye gaze on a central fixation cross throughout the various visual stimulation protocols (transient VEP, pattern-pulse mfVEP, and SSVEP). To actively monitor and control for eye movements, a Tower-mounted <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/eyelink-1000-plus\/\">Eyelink 1000 Plus<\/a><\/strong> eye tracker system was used, recording at 1000 Hz. This system was complemented by four electrooculogram sensors (EOGs) placed around the left eye to monitor blinks and eye gaze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the transient VEP condition, trials were rejected if saccades or blinks occurred within a critical window of -50 ms to 200 ms surrounding stimulus onset. This strict criterion ensured that the measured C1 component, an early VEP signal, was not contaminated by eye-movement-related noise. While trials for multifocal VEP (mfVEP) and steady-state VEP (SSVEP) were not removed based on eye-tracking data due to their continuous stimulation streams, the researchers still quantified fixation performance for these protocols. They calculated the average number of saccades per trial and assessed gaze stability by measuring the interquartile range (IQR) of horizontal and vertical gaze deviation during stimulus presentation. Importantly, they confirmed that there was no systematic bias in gaze behavior across stimulus locations, which is critical for studies exploring retinotopic variations.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_61462d-89\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_61462d-89\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_61462d-89\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading31461_61462d-89 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_61462d-89\">Absence of Systematic Gaze Biases<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The use of eye tracking in this research paper underscores its importance in neuroscientific studies of VEPs. By precisely monitoring and accounting for eye movements, the researchers were able to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ensure data integrity:<\/strong> Minimizing artifacts allowed for clearer and more accurate neural recordings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Enhance experimental control:<\/strong> Confirming stable fixation provided confidence that visual stimuli were consistently presented to the intended retinotopic locations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strengthen scientific conclusions:<\/strong> By demonstrating the absence of systematic gaze biases, the researchers could confidently attribute observed topographic variations to cortical processing rather than eye movements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This study exemplifies how eye tracking is not merely a supplementary tool but an integral component of a robust experimental design in VEP research, enabling researchers to draw more precise and reliable conclusions about visual processing in the brain.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-31461_633649-65 .kt-block-spacer{height:60px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-31461_633649-65 .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:50%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-31461_633649-65\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"\/><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8\"]{text-align:center;font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading31461_4759ee-e8\">For information regarding how eye tracking can help your research, check out our solutions and product pages or contact us. We are happy to help!<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"mai-columns has-xl-margin-top has-xl-margin-bottom\"><div class=\"mai-columns-wrap has-columns\" style=\"--column-gap:var(--spacing-xxxxl);--row-gap:var(--spacing-xl);--align-columns:start;--align-columns-vertical:center;\">\n<div class=\"mai-column is-column\" style=\"--columns-xs:1\/1;--flex-xs:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-sm:1\/1;--flex-sm:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-md:1\/3;--flex-md:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-lg:1\/3;--flex-lg:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--justify-content:start;\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button button-secondary wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/solutions\/\">Solutions<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"mai-column is-column\" style=\"--columns-xs:1\/1;--flex-xs:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-sm:1\/1;--flex-sm:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-md:1\/3;--flex-md:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-lg:1\/3;--flex-lg:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--justify-content:start;\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button button-secondary wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/hardware\/\">Products<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"mai-column is-column\" style=\"--columns-xs:1\/1;--flex-xs:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-sm:1\/1;--flex-sm:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-md:1\/3;--flex-md:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--columns-lg:1\/3;--flex-lg:0 0 var(--flex-basis);--justify-content:start;\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button button-secondary wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/get-in-touch\/\">Get in Touch<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The study &#8220;Visual cortical area contributions to the transient, multifocal and steady-state VEP: A forward model-informed analysis&#8221; by Mohr, Geuzebroek, and Kelly provides a comprehensive investigation into the anatomical sources of visual-evoked potentials (VEPs). While the primary focus of the research was on delineating the contributions of visual cortical areas (V1, V2, and V3) to &hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":30161,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"1":"page","2":"type-page","5":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Eye Tracking and Visual-Evoked Potentials - Fast, Accurate, Reliable Eye Tracking<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Eye tracking and visual-evoked potentials research study shows absence of systematic gaze biases across stimulus locations.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/zh\/case-studies\/eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Eye Tracking and Visual-Evoked Potentials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Eye tracking and visual-evoked potentials research study shows absence of systematic gaze biases across stimulus locations.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/zh\/case-studies\/eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Fast, Accurate, Reliable Eye Tracking\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SR-Research-Ltd-640093842854433\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-05T19:00:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.sr-research.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/eye-tracking-visual-evoked-potentials-3.0-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SRResearchLtd\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sr-research.com\\\/case-studies\\\/eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.sr-research.com\\\/case-studies\\\/eye-tracking-and-visual-evoked-potentials\\\/\",\"name\":\"Eye Tracking and Visual-Evoked Potentials - 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